• Content has been thoroughly revised in accordance with the guidelines for Competency-Based Medical Education Curriculum by the Under Graduate Medical Education Board (UGMEB), NMC, ensuring complete alignment with the latest educational standards.
• Each experiment follows a student-friendly, step-by-step format-beginning with Learning Objectives, followed by Introduction, Principle, Apparatus, Procedure, Observations, Results, and Precautions.
• All essential viva voce questions are thoroughly discussed at the end of each practical to support examination readiness.
• The book is enriched with updated, well-labeled diagrams, real graphs/recordings, compact flowcharts, and schematic illustrations to reinforce visual understanding and concept clarity.
• Physioclinical significance has been explicitly highlighted in relevant experiments to bridge theory with bedside application and develop a clinical perspective.
• Important notes and critical concepts are systematically emphasized to aid in quick recall and better retention.
• Each practical is supplemented with OSPE exercises to familiarize students with current assessment formats and enhance practical skills evaluation.

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